Phi Beta Kappa (ΦΒΚ) is the oldest academic honor society for the liberal arts and sciences in the United States. In addition to sponsoring activities to advance studies in the humanities, social sciences and natural sciences—at the collegiate level and in society at large—it recognizes upperclassmen (usually seniors) for their academic achievements. The society’s national office sponsors various awards, fellowships, lectureships and scholarships, while each chapter sponsors a visiting scholar every year.
In 1776, Phi Beta Kappa was founded by five students at the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia. John Heath, the first president of Phi Beta Kappa, was determined to develop a serious-minded student society devoted to the pursuit of liberal education and intellectual fellowship. The organization was created to be a secret society, so that its founders would have freedom to discuss any topic they chose; freedom of inquiry has been a hallmark of Phi Beta Kappa ever since.
Phi Beta Kappa was the first college society to bear a Greek-letter name, and the Greek initials for the society’s motto, “Love of learning is the guide of life,” form the name Phi Beta Kappa. The society also introduced the essential characteristics of the Greek societies that followed it: an oath of secrecy, a badge, mottoes in Greek and Latin, a code of laws, an elaborate form of initiation, a seal and a special handshake.
After the College of William and Mary—and its founding Phi Beta Kappa chapter—closed during the Revolutionary War, additional chapters were established. The first two new chapters were added at Yale in 1780 and at Harvard in 1781. The society continued to grow and evolve in the century that followed, which resulted in removing the secrecy requirement, and admitting women and African Americans. In 1883, the number of chapters had reached 25, and the National Council of the United Chapters of Phi Beta Kappa was created.
Today, there are 293 Phi Beta Kappa chapters nationwide, nearly 50 active alumni associations, and more than 500,000 living members of the society. Students who have been inducted into Phi Beta Kappa have gone on to have notable careers and impact; the society counts several U.S. presidents and Supreme Court justices, as well as Nobel laureates, among its members.
In general, students are elected to membership in Phi Beta Kappa based on broad cultural interests, scholarly achievement and good character. Specific eligibility requirements are listed below but meeting them does not guarantee a student will be elected for Phi Beta Kappa membership. Each year, the Committee for Members in Course will meet to select the top students from among those who are eligible. Special consideration may be given to students with exceptional breadth in the liberal arts and across the major, as well as to students with extra mathematics or foreign language courses.
To be eligible for election as a senior:
To be eligible for election as a junior:
Questions? Please contact Creighton’s Phi Beta Kappa Chapter Secretary.
Allistair Cullum, PhD
Chapter Secretary